Secretion of renin into the bloodstream from cells of the glomerular apparatus
glomerular apparatus of the kidneys initiates the activation of a cascade of
enzyme-hormonal cascade known as the RAA system
(renin-angiotensin-aldosterone). As a result of several related
mechanisms, blood pressure is raised. Due to the
the enormous range of action of angiotensin II (Ang-2), the main effector of the
RAA system, abnormalities in its functioning cause numerous
consequences. Excessive activation of the system is accompanied by chronic
inflammation, as Ang-2 stimulates pro-inflammatory mediators. What follows is
activation of degenerative and atherosclerotic processes. Disruption of
RAA system balance is associated with the most common
diseases of civilization, such as diseases of the
cardiovascular or diabetes, as well as kidney disease,
pre-eclampsia, osteoporosis and even neurodegenerative diseases
Quantitative determination of angiotensin II in the blood is useful in the
diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.
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