HLA DR, DQ antigens

HLA DR, DQ antigens

Clinical significance

HLA - human leukocyte antigen. HLA antigens are found in rólous numbers on almost all of the bodyós nucleated cells. The immune response to these antigens is the primary cause of the occurrence of allograft rejection. The antigens of the HLA system are under the control of a complex of genesów located at several closely related loci, referred to as the major histocombatibility complex (MHC), whichós located on chromosome 6. The HLA system is a polymorphic system. There are two classes, HLA I and HLA II, within each there are several multi-allelic antigenic systems. In the HLA I class, the antigens of importance in transplantation are HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C. In HLA class II, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ and HLA-DP antigens with their 18 D HLA-DR, 9 HLA-DQ and 6 HLA-DP antigenic specificities defined within them play roles in transplantation. The most important function of MHC molecules is to bind and present antigensów to T lymphocytes.

Patient Preparation

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